Declaration of Judge Koroma

917

DECLARATION OF JUDGE KOROMA

While I concur with the Court’s findings in the operative paragraph of
the Judgment, I nevertheless consider it important to stress the following.
What the Court was asked to determine and has, in fact, ruled on
during this phase of the proceedings is the issue of jurisdiction.

Joint declaration of Vice-President Ranjeva, Judges Guillaume, Higgins, Kooijmans, Al Khasawneh, Buergenthal and Elaraby

912

JOINT DECLARATION OF VICE-PRESIDENT RANJEVA,

JUDGES GUILLAUME, HIGGINS, KOOIJMANS,
AL-KHASAWNEH, BUERGENTHAL AND ELARABY

[English Original Text]

Various objections to the jurisdiction of the Court — Freedom of choice of
the Court — Guiding criteria: consistency; certitude; implications for the other
pending cases — Judgment of the Court inappropriately based on its lack of
jurisdiction ratione personae — Judgment incompatible with previous decisions
of the Court.

Declaration of Judge Yusuf

385

DECLARATION OF JUDGE YUSUF

Disagreement with point 3 of the operative paragraph — Improper character ‑
ization of actual material injury suffered — Reformulation of claim as loss of
professional remuneration is restrictive, without legal or logical reasoning — Exis

Dissenting opinion of Judge ad hoc Gaja

309

DISSENTING OPINION OF JUDGE AD HOC GAJA

1. The Court’s Judgment accepts the view that the jurisdictional immu-
nity of a foreign State does not cover certain claims concerning repara -
tion for torts committed in the forum State. However, the Court

“considers that customary international law continues to require thatp
a State be accorded immunity in proceedings for torts allegedly com -

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