View of the ICJ courtroom at the start of the hearing

The Members of the Court at the start of the hearings

The President of the Court, HE Judge Iwasawa Yuji, at the start of the hearings

The Registrar of the Court, HE Mr Philippe Gautier, at the start of the hearings

Members of the Delegation of the United Nations

Ms Elinor Hammarskjöld, Under-Secretary-General for Legal Affairs and United Nations Legal Counsel (United Nations)

Members of the Delegation of Palestine

HE Mr Ammar Hijazi, Ambassador, Permanent Representative of the State of Palestine to International Organizations in the Kingdom of the Netherlands (Palestine)

Mr Paul S. Reichler, Attorney at Law, 11 King’s Bench Walk, member of the Bar of the Supreme Court of the United States of America (Palestine)

Ms Blinne Ní Ghrálaigh, KC, Barrister, Matrix Chambers, member of the Bars of Ireland, Northern Ireland, and England and Wales (Palestine)

Mr Ardi Imseis, Professor of International Law, Faculty of Law, Queen’s University, Canada (Palestine)

Mr Alain Pellet, Emeritus Professor, University Paris Nanterre, former Chairperson of the International Law Commission, member and former President of the Institut de droit international (Palestine)

HE Mr Riyad Mansour, Minister, Permanent Representative of the State of Palestine to the United Nations (Palestine)

Members of the Delegation of Egypt

HE Mr Hatem Kamaleldin Abdelkader, Assistant Minister for International Legal Affairs and Treaties, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Emigration and Egyptian Expatriates (Egypt)

Ms Jasmine Moussa, PhD, Legal Counsellor, Cabinet of the Minister for Foreign Affairs, Emigration and Egyptian Expatriates, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Emigration and Egyptian Expatriates (Egypt)

Members of the Delegation of Malaysia

HE Dato’ Sri Azalina Othman Said, Minister, Law and Institutional Reform, Prime Minister’s Department (Malaysia)

Members of the Delegation of South Africa

Mr Zane Dangor, Director-General, Department of International Relations and Cooperation (South Africa)

Ms Nokukhanya Jele, Special Adviser to the President of the Republic of South Africa on Legal and International Affairs (South Africa)

Mr Jaymion Hendricks, State Law Adviser, International Law, Department of International Relations and Cooperation (South Africa)

Members of the Delegation of Algeria

Ms Maya Sahli-Fadel, Professor of Public International Law, University of Algiers, Institute of Diplomacy and International Relations, former Vice-President of the African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Right (Algeria)

Ms Samia Bourouba, Professor of Public Law, University of Algiers, member of the African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights (Algeria)

Members of the Delegation of Saudi Arabia

Mr Mohamed Saud Alnasser, General Director, General Department of Legal Affairs, Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Saudi Arabia)

Members of the Delegation of Belgium

Mr Antoine Misonne, Legal Adviser, Director-General of Legal Affairs, Federal Public Service for Foreign Affairs, Foreign Trade and Development Co-operation (Belgium)

Mr Vaios Koutroulis, Counsel, Professor of Public International Law, Faculty of Law and Criminology, Université libre de Bruxelles (Belgium)

Members of the Delegation of Colombia

HE Mr Mauricio Jaramillo Jassir, Vice-Minister for Multilateral Affairs (Colombia)

Members of the Delegation of Bolivia

Mr Ralph Wilde, Professor of International Law, University College London, University of London (Bolivia)

HE Mr Roberto Calzadilla Sarmiento, Ambassador of the Plurinational State of Bolivia to the Kingdom of the Netherlands (Bolivia)

Mr Niccolò Ridi, Senior Lecturer in Public International Law, King’s College London (Bolivia)

Members of the Delegation of Brazil

Mr Marcelo Marotta Viegas, Director, Department of International Organizations, Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Brazil)

Members of the Delegation of Chile

Mr Claudio Troncoso Repetto, General Director of Legal Affairs, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Professor of International Law, University of Chile (Chile)

Ms Valeria Chiappini Koscina, Legal Adviser, International Law, Treaties and Legislative Affairs Division, Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Chile)

Members of the Delegation of Spain

HE Ms María Consuelo Femenía Guardiola, Ambassador of the Kingdom of Spain to the Kingdom of the Netherlands (Spain)

Members of the Delegation of the United States of America

Mr Joshua B. Simmons, Senior Bureau Official, Office of the Legal Adviser, Department of State (United States of America)

Members of the Delegation of the Russian Federation

Mr Maksim Musikhin, Director, Legal Department, Ministry of Foreign Affair (Russian Federation)

Members of the Delegation of France

Mr Diégo Colas, Legal Adviser, Director of Legal Affairs, Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affair (France)

Members of the Delegation of Hungary

Mr Gergő Kocsis, Ambassador, Head of the United Nations Department (Hungary)

Members of the Delegation of Indonesia

HE Mr Sugiono, Minister for Foreign Affairs (Indonesia)

Members of the Delegation of Türkiye

HE Mr Nuh Yılmaz, Deputy Minister for Foreign Affairs (Türkiye)

Members of the Delegation of the Islamic Republic of Iran

HE Mr Kazem Gharibabadi, Deputy Foreign Minister for Legal and International Affairs, Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Islamic Republic of Iran)

Members of the Delegation of Jordan

Mr Marcelo Kohen, Emeritus Professor of International Law, Geneva Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, titular member of the Institut de droit international (Jordan)

Mr Eirik Bjorge, Professor of Law, University of Bristol (Jordan)

Mr Alfredo Crosato Neumann, Assistant Professor of International Law, Kadir Has University, Istanbul, member of the Lima Bar (Jordan)

Members of the Delegation of Kuwait

HE Mr Abdullah Al-Shaheen, Ambassador of the State of Kuwait to the French Republic (Kuwait)

Members of the Delegation of Luxembourg

Mr Tobias Schell, Legal Adviser, Head of the Legal Service, Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs, Defence, Co-operation and Foreign Trade (Luxembourg

Members of the Delegation of Maldives

HE Mr Ahmed Usham, Attorney General (Maldives)

Ms Amy Sander, Barrister, Essex Court Chambers, member of the Bar of England and Wales (Maldives)

Ms Naomi Hart, Barrister, Essex Court Chambers, member of the Bar of England and Wales (Maldives)

Members of the Delegation of Mexico

HE Ms Carmen Moreno Toscano, Ambassador of the United Mexican States to the Kingdom of the Netherlands (Mexico)

Ms Alicia Patricia Perez Galeana, Head of Multilateral Legal Affairs, Embassy of the United Mexican States in the Kingdom of the Netherlands (Mexico)

Mr Pablo Arrocha Olabuenaga, Legal Adviser, Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Mexico)

Members of the Delegation of Namibia

HE Ms Mekondjo Kaapanda-Girnus, Ambassador of the Republic of Namibia to the Kingdom of Belgium, the Kingdom of the Netherlands, the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg and Mission to the European Union (Namibia)

Ms Phoebe Okowa, Professor of Public International Law, Queen Mary University of London, member of the International Law Commission, Advocate, High Court of Kenya (Namibia)

Ms Gladice Pickering, Executive Director, Office of the Prime Minister (Namibia)

Members of the Delegation of Norway

HE Mr Rolf Einar Fife, ambassadeur en mission spéciale, Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Norway)

Mr Kristian Jervell, Director General, Legal Affairs Department, Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Norway)

Mr Andreas Motzfeldt Kravik, State Secretary, Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Norway)

Members of the Delegation of Pakistan

HE Mr Syed Haider Shah, Ambassador of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan to the Kingdom of the Netherlands (Pakistan)

Members of the Delegation of Panama

Mr Fernando Gómez Arbeláez, Director of International Legal Affairs and Treaties, Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Panama)

Members of the Delegation of Poland

Mr Artur Harazim, Director, Legal and Treaty Department, Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Poland)

Mr Łukasz Kułaga, Counsellor, Legal and Treaty Department, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Professor, Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University (Poland)

Ms Patrycja Grzebyk, Professor, University of Warsaw (Poland)

Members of the Delegation of Qatar

HE Mr Mutlaq Al-Qahtani, Ambassador of the State of Qatar to the Kingdom of the Netherlands (Qatar)

Members of the Delegation of the United Kingdom

Ms Sally Langrish, Legal Adviser and Director General, Legal, Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office (United Kingdom)

Sir Michael Wood, KCMG, KC, Twenty Essex, London, member of the Bar of England and Wales (United Kingdom)

Members of the Delegation of China

HE Mr Xinmin Ma, Legal Adviser, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, member of the International Law Commission (China)

Members of the Delegation of Senegal

HE Ms Dieynaba Touré Bathily, Ambassador, Director of Legal and Consular Affairs, Ministry of African Integration and Foreign Affairs (Senegal)

Mr Makane Moïse Mbengue, Professor, Specialist in Public International Law (Senegal)

Mr Jean-Marc Thouvenin, Professor, Specialist in Public International Law (Senegal)

Members of the Delegation of Slovenia

Mr Marko Rakovec, Director-General for International Law, Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs (Slovenia)

Mr Daniel Müller, Partner, FAR Avocats, member of the Paris Bar (Slovenia)

Members of the Delegation of Sudan

Ms Omaima Alsharief, Chargé d’affaires a.i., Embassy of the Republic of the Sudan in the Kingdom of the Netherlands (Sudan)

Mr Fabián Raimondo, Associate Professor of Public International Law, Maastricht University, member of the List of Counsel before the International Criminal Court, member of the Bar of the City of La Plata, Argentina, Counsel and Advocate (Sudan)

Members of the Delegation of Switzerland

Mr Franz Xaver Perrez, Head of the Directorate of International Law, Federal Department of Foreign Affairs (Switzerland)

Members of the Delegation of the Comoros

HE Mr Youssouf Mondoha Assoumani, Ambassador of the Union of the Comoros to the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, Permanent Representative to the African Union (Comoros)

Mr Guy-Fleury Ntwari, Doctor of Law, Consultant and former Legal Adviser to the African Union (Comoros)

Mr Pierre-François Laval, Professor of Public Law, Centre for International Law, Jean Moulin Lyon 3 University (Comoros)

Members of the Delegation of Tunisia

Ms Hanin Ben Jrad, Minister Plenipotentiary, Director of International Peace and Security, Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Tunisia)

Members of the Delegation of Vanuatu

Mr Arnold Kiel Loughman, Attorney General (Vanuatu)

Ms Margaretha Wewerinke-Singh, Counsel, Professor, University of Amsterdam, University of Fiji, member of the Permanent Court of Arbitration (Vanuatu)

Members of the Delegation of the League of Arab States

Mr Mohamed Helal, Counsellor and Legal Adviser (League of Arab States)

Members of the Delegation of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation

HE Mr Samir Bakr, Assistant Secretary-General for Palestine and Al-Quds Affairs (Organisation of Islamic Cooperation)

Ms Monique Chemillier-Gendreau, Legal Counsel (Organisation of Islamic Cooperation)

Members of the Delegation of the African Union

Ms Hajer Gueldich, Legal Counsel (African Union)

Mr Mamadou Hébié, Associate Professor of International Law, Leiden University, member of the Permanent Court of Arbitration, member of the Bar of the State of New York (African Union)